STUDIES ON ANTIHAEMORRHAGIC AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF BULB JUICE, ETHANOL AND AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF ALLIUM SATIVUM LINN. (LILLIACEAE) AGAINST MENINGEAL BACTERIA
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
Bacterial meningitis (BM) is a devastating air-borne infectious disease of humans that causes cellular hemorrhagic sepsis, metabolic, neurologic and endocrine disorders and constitutes a serious threat to public health. Where malnutrition is linked to BM, it is a great economic and societal burden accompanied with high morbidity and mortality rates in Sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria. A. sativum, a medicinal food herb found in Northern Nigeria, has been used in folklore to treat infectious diseases locally including haemorrhagic sepsis and malnutrition. In the present investigation, the antihaemorrhagic and in vitro antibacterial activities of the juice (JEAS), ethanolic (EEAS) and aqueous (AEAS) bulb extracts of A. sativum were evaluated against bacterial meningitis pathogens. The methods employed in this study were validation of phytochemical screening which was done according to standard methods, determination of nutritional composition was carried out using analytical automated instruments (Atomic Absorption Spectrometers), investigation of antihemorrhagic activity was done using mean blood clotting time of wistar rats, and evaluation of in vitro antibacterial activities of the extracts against clinical isolates using agar-well diffusion and broth dilution methods. The clinical isolates of meningitis pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitides, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Escherichia coli were obtained from Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Shika-Zaria. The phytochemical screening of A. sativum extracts (JEAS, EEAS and AEAS) revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, fats & oils, flavonoids, saponins and steroidal terpenoids. The results obtained as nutritional profiles from analytical automated machines analysis showed that A. sativum contained all classes of food nutrients such as carbohydrate, protein, fat and oils, dietary fibres, and ix vitamins together with zeolite herbominerals (nanopharmacologic effects). The mean blood clotting time of the three extracts on afflicted fresh wounds on rat were also determined. JEAS and EEAS extracts were potent in both antihemorrhagic (0.94 ± 0.01 minutes), (0.99±0.04) and antibacterial activities while and AEAS (1.20±0.04) showed low activity, inhibiting the clinical bacterial isolates Neisseria meningitides, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Escherichia coli with diameter of zone of inhibition ranging from 15-36 mm at concentrations of 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg/ml. It produced significant (p<0.05) antibacterial activity while EEAS and AEAS showed low activities, except Klebsiella pneumoniae which was resistant to the three extracts concentrations used. The extracts inhibited the growth of the bacterial isolates in a concentration dependent manner with MICs ranging between 0.04-1.56 mg/ml while MBCs was 0.10-2.50 mg/ml respectively. The findings from this study could be of interest and suggest the need for further investigations with a view to use the plant in novel drug development for BM therapy. The antihemorrhagic and antibacterial activities of the three extracts were statistically significant (p < 0.05). JEAS also exhibited shorter clotting time (Waller Duncan Test, SAS). The outcome of this study could therefore justify the ethnomedical and folkloric usage of A. sativum to treat bacterial meningitis locally.
Related Project Materials
INFLUENCE OF EMPLOYMENT ON WIVES ROLE PEREORMANCE AMONG FEDERAL CIVIL SERVANTS IN ZARIA METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
This study examined the influence of employment on the wives role performance among Federal Civil Servants in Zaria metropolis....
The impact of microfinance banks on the growth of small and medium scale enterprises in illorin metropolis
Abstract
In today’s knowledge on economy, firm performance and competitive advantage are derived...
EFFECT OF POOR COMMUNICATION SKILLS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SECRETARIES IN AN ORGANIZATION
ABSTRACT
This project work focused on the effect of poor communication skills on the performance of sec...
PROBLEMS OF TEACHING AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE IN JUNIOR SECTIONS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Abstract
Recently various members of the society have raised an alarm on the low standard of education in Nigeria,...
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTERNET OF THINGS BASED WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING DECISION TREE AND DEEP NEURAL NETWORK ALGORITHMS
ABSTRACT
Distribution of Water has been a major source of concern all over the world. Despite the fact that water is a scarce commodity,...
BLOCK CHAIN TECHNOLOGY AND ITS POTENTIAL IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY OF NIGERIA
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Block chain technology is one of the newest, hottest and most intriguing techno...
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF HEALTH CARE REMINDER APPLICATION
ABSTRACT
Patients on constant medication usually find difficulty in remembering the particular time their prescription is going to finish...
IMPACT OF SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER RETENTION IN THE NIGERIAN BANKING SECTOR
ABSTRACT
The study examined the impact of service quality on customer retention in the Nigerian banking sector. Staff of...
AN IPV6 ROUTING TABLE LOOKUP ALGORITHM IN SOFTWARE AND ASIC BY DESIGNING A HIGH-LEVEL SYNTHESIS SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
This dissertation has two contributions. The primary contribution is to present a trie based routing table lookup algorithm name...
KNOWLEDGE AND ACCEPTABILITY OF CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING AMONG FEMALE PART-TIME STUDENTS
ABSTRACT
Cancerofthecervixremainsthemostcommonmalignantneoplasmofthefemalegenitaliaandthesecondmostcommoncancerinfemales...
